1805

1805 (MDCCCV) was a common year beginning on a Tuesday according to the Gregorian calendar.

Napoleon's victory in Austerlitz.

Events

January

• 4 January: Spain and France sign a military and naval aid agreement to invade Britain.
• 11 January: The Territory of Michigan is established in the United States of America

February

• February 10: The bullfighting in Spain is abolished by decree.
• February 26 (Martes de Carnaval): First World Tree Festival held in the Spanish municipality of Villanueva de la Sierra (Cáceres)

March

• March 4: Thomas Jefferson swears as President of the United States of America for a second term.

April

• 1 April: The first daily newspaper of New Spain entitled Diario de México was published.
• April 27: Battle of Derna in the First Berberish War.

May

• 26 May: In the Cathedral of Milan, Napoleon I was crowned king of Italy with the Lombardy Iron Crown.

June

• 1 June: Mehmet Ali is appointed Pachah of Egypt.
• June 11: Detroit Fire.
• June 13: The expedition of Lewis and Clark arrives at the Falls of the Missouri River.
• June 16: The municipality of Honda (Tolima) in Colombia suffers an earthquake causing the destruction of buildings, houses, etc.

July

• July 22: Battle of Cape Finisterre.

August

• August 9: The Third Coalition is completed with the incorporation of Austria.
• August 15: Rome: The Latin American liberator Simon Bolivar, swears on Mount Sacro, the freedom of his homeland and of America.
• August 20: Admiral Villeneuve boasts the French-Spanish fleet in Cadiz.
• August 25: Napoleon orders the abandonment of the camp of Boulogne (finals on September 3rd) and goes to the Rhine.

September

• September 10: Austrian General Mack occupies Ulm after the invasion of Bavaria.
• September 24: The «Grande Armée d'Allemagne» begins to cross the Rhine, entering Germany.
• September 30: Napoleon's army invades the Rhine Valley.

October

• October 8: The French win the Battle of Wertingen.
• October 11: General Pierre-Antoine Dupont de l'Étang defeats the Austrian troops of Marshal Karl Mack von Leiberich in the Battle of Haslach-Jungingen.
• 14 October: The French Marshal Michel Ney overcomes in the battle of Elchingen the troops of the general of the Austrian cavalry Johann Sigismund Riesch. Marshal Karl Mack von Leiberich withdraws his last strength over Ulm.
• October 17: Napoleon defeats the Austrians in the battle of Ulm.
• October 20: The army of Karl Mack von Leiberich surrenders in Ulm.
• October 21: Battle of Trafalgar: A combined Franco-Spanish fleet is defeated by the British Navy in command of Nelson.
• October 26: Napoleon launches the persecution of the Russian Field Marshal Mikhail Kutúzov.
• October 28: The quarterback André Masséna fights in the battle of Caldiero in northern Italy (until 31st) and defeats the archduke Carlos of Austria-Teschen.

November

• 7 November: The expedition of Lewis and Clark arrives in the Pacific Ocean.
• 11 November: The isolated French forces overcome in the battle of Dürenstein on the northern shore of the Danube.
• 12 November: Prince Joaquín Murat occupies Vienna and captures the main bridge through deception.
• November 15: General Piotr Bagration deceives Prince Joaquín Murat to sign an armistice at the Battle of Hollabrunn.
• 16 November: The French break the armistice of the Battle of Hollabrunn.
• November 20: Mikhail Kutúzov Field Marshal joins General Friedrich Wilhelm von Buxhoeveden and Alexander I near Olmütz.
• November 23: Napoleon stops French persecution in Brünn.
• 30 November: The French troops leave Austerlitz and the Pratzen Highs to attract the enemy.

December

• December 1st: The rivals occupy battle positions. Field Marshal Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte and the I Army Corps arrive from Iglau; vanguard elements of Field Marshal Louis Nicolas Davout of the III Army Corps approach from Vienna.
• 2 December: Battle of Austerlitz
• 31 December: France returns to the Gregorian Calendar.

No date

• Invention of the refrigerator by Oliver Evans.
• The morphine of opium is isolated.
• John Dalton exposes atomic theory.

Births

March

• March 7: Juana de Vega, a Spanish writer (f. 1872).

April

• April 2: Hans Christian Andersen, Danish writer (f. 1875).

June

• June 9: José Trinidad Cabañas, militar, president and procer de Honduras (f. 1871).
• June 22: Juan Arolas, a Spanish poet (f. 1849).

July

• July 5: Robert Fitz Roy, British Marine and Meteorologist (f. 1865).
• July 29: Alexis de Tocqueville, French thinker (f. 1859).

August

• August 16: Amancio Alcorta, politician, musician and Argentine composer (f. 1862).

September

• 18 September: Francesco Carrara, jurisconsulto, penalist and Italian teacher (f. 1888).

November

• 14 November: Fanny Mendelssohn, German composer and pianist (f. 1847).
• 30 November: Georges François Reuter, a French naturalist (f. 1872).

December

• 6 December: Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin, French illusionist (f. 1871).
• 9 December: Tomás Villalba, President of Uruguay (f. 1886).
• December 23: Joseph Smith, American religious (f. 1844).

Deaths

February

• February 6: Antonio de la Torre and Miranda, Spanish military (n. 1734)

May

• May 9: Friedrich von Schiller, poet, playwright, philosopher and German historian (n. 1759).
• May 12: Ferdinand von Hompesch zu Bolheim, Grand Master of the Order of Malta (n. 1744).
• May 28: Luigi Boccherini, Italian composer and musician (n. 1743).

July

• July 10: Thomas Wedgwood, scientist, inventor and photographer (n. 1771).

October

• 16 October: Die the Valide Mihr-î-Şâh Sultan or Mihrîşâh Valide Sultan, consort of Mustafa III and Mother of Selim III.
• October 21: Horatio Nelson, British Military (n. 1758)
• 21 October: Dionisio Alcalá Galiano, Spanish scientist and marine (n. 1760)

December

• 23 December: Geneviève Thiroux d’Arconville, a French writer and anatomist (n. 1720).