1585

1585 (MDLXXXV) was a common year beginning on a Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar and a year common started on Friday of the Julian calendar.

Events

• In France the eighth war of religion is waged (Wars of religion).
• The Netherlands adopts the Gregorian calendar.
• 10 March: in the present Belgium, the site of Brussels ends after 8 months of siege, the city capitulates to the imperial troops in charge of Alejandro Farnesio (Parma Duke).
• 1 May: Cardinal Peretti is elected Pope and assumes the pseudonym "Sixto V".
• June 11: An earthquake of 9.2 shakes the Aleutian islands causing a great tsunami.
• 17 August: the site of Antwerp, which lasted 13 months, with the victory of the Spanish invading troops led by Alejandro Farnesio and Juan del Águila, ends.
• August 20: The United Provinces of the Netherlands—in the framework of the war of Flanders—sign the Nonsuch treaty with the Kingdom of England, establishing a military alliance against the Spaniards.
• October 17: In the current Mexico Alvaro Manrique de Zúñiga (Marqués de Villamanrique) takes office as the seventh viceroy of New Spain.
• 8 December: In the Netherlands the miracle of Empel (the surface of the river Mosa is frozen, which allows the army to overcome the Dutch defenders), by which a statuette of the "Immaculate Conception" (the Virgin Mary) is proclaimed patron of the Spanish thirds.

Art and literature

• Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra publica The Galatea.

Science and technology

• Giordano Bruno: The cabal of the Pegaseo horse and the Cylenic Ass.

Births

• 1 March: Jean de Saint-Bonnet, French Marshal (f. 1636).
• March: Miyamoto Musashi, Japanese writer and swordsman (f. 1645).
• 2 March: Juan Macías, a religious Spanish Dominican, based in Peru, and canonized by the Catholic Church (f. 1645).
• June 28: Baltasar Elisio de Medinilla, Spanish poet (f. 1620).
• 9 September: Cardinal Richelieu (Armand-Jean du Plessis), French religious and political, Prime Minister of King Louis XIII.
• December 22: Christoph Müller, "the boy with the gold tooth", German scammer.

Deaths

• April 10: Gregorio XIII, Italian pope.
• May 15: Niwa Nagahide, Japanese samurai from Sengoku and Azuchi-Momoyama periods (n. 1535).
• 4 June: Marc-Antoine Muret, French humanist (n. 1526).
• 27 December: Pierre de Ronsard, French poet (n. 1524).