Spotify
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Contenido Spotify (Sueco: [ˈspɔ̂tːɪfaj]) es un proveedor sueco de servicios de streaming de audio y multimedia, fundado el 23 de abril de 2006 por Daniel Ek y Martin Lorentzon. A diciembre de 2024, era uno de los mayores proveedores de servicios de streaming de música, con más de 678 millones de usuarios activos mensuales, que comprenden 268 millones de suscriptores de pago. Spotify cotiza (a través de un holding con sede en la ciudad de Luxemburgo, Spotify Technology S.A.) en la Bolsa de Valores de Nueva York mediante certificados de depósito estadounidenses (ADR).
Spotify ofrece contenido de audio digital con derechos de autor restringidos, incluyendo más de 100 millones de canciones y 7 millones de podcasts, de sellos discográficos y compañías de medios. Operando como un servicio freemium, las funciones básicas son gratuitas con publicidad y control limitado, mientras que las funciones adicionales, como la escucha sin conexión y sin publicidad, se ofrecen mediante suscripciones de pago. Los usuarios pueden buscar música por artista, álbum o género, y crear, editar y compartir listas de reproducción. Ofrece algunas funciones de redes sociales, como seguir a amigos y crear grupos de escucha llamados "Jams".A diciembre de 2022, Spotify estaba disponible en la mayor parte de Europa, además de África, América, Asia y Oceanía, con una presencia total en 184 mercados. Sus usuarios y suscriptores se encuentran principalmente en Estados Unidos y Europa, representando conjuntamente alrededor del 53% de los usuarios y el 67% de los ingresos. No tiene presencia en China continental, donde el mercado está dominado por QQ Music. El servicio está disponible en la mayoría de los dispositivos, incluyendo ordenadores con Windows, macOS y Linux, smartphones y tablets iOS y Android, dispositivos domésticos inteligentes como las líneas de productos Amazon Echo y Google Nest, y reproductores multimedia digitales como Roku. A diciembre de 2023, Spotify ocupaba el puesto 47 entre los sitios web más visitados del mundo, con un 24,78% de su tráfico procedente de Estados Unidos, seguido de Brasil con un 6,51%, según datos de Semrush.A diferencia de las ventas físicas o de descarga, que pagan a los artistas un precio fijo por canción o álbum vendido, Spotify paga regalías según el número de reproducciones de los artistas como proporción del total de canciones reproducidas. Distribuye aproximadamente el 70 % de sus ingresos totales a los titulares de derechos (a menudo, sellos discográficos), quienes luego pagan a los artistas según acuerdos individuales. Si bien algunos músicos elogian el servicio por ofrecer una opción legal para combatir la piratería y por remunerar a los artistas cada vez que se reproduce su música, otros han expresado sus objeciones a la estructura de regalías de Spotify y su efecto en las ventas de discos.Historia
Early international launches


Otros acontecimientos
Corriente de los registros
Crecimiento del usuario
Discos exclusivos Premium
Oferta pública directa
2020 hacking incident
Adquisiciones, podcasting y ofertas de exclusividad
Asociaciones de empresas
Controversias con Apple
Controversia con Kakao Entertainment Corp.
Funcionalidad
NFT
Campos artificiales
Ghost artists
Donación de Donald Trump
Asuntos institucionales
Año | Ingresos (US$ bn) | Operaciones brutas beneficio (US$ m) | Beneficios netos (US$ m) | Total del activo (US$ bn) | Número de empleados k) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2017 | 4.6 | −366 | −1,395 | 3.5 | 2.9 |
2018 | 6.2 | −12.9 | −92.1 | 5.1 | 3.6 |
2019 | 7.5 | 15.6 | −208 | 5.7 | 4.4 |
2020 | 9.0 | −207 | −663 | 7.2 | 3.6 |
2021 | 11.4 | 261 | −40.2 | 8.4 | 6.6 |
2022 | 12.3 | ,5 a 14 | ,453 | 8.0 | 8.3 |
2023 | 14.3 | −311 | ,5 a 75 | 9.0 | 9.1 |
2024 | 15.7 | 1.365 | 1.138 | 12.0 | 7.2 |
Unionization
Alemania
Suecia
Estados Unidos
Modelo de negocio

Cuentas y suscripciones
Tipo | Eliminar anuncios | Escuchar móvil | Calidad de sonido | Escuchar fuera de línea | Spotify Connect |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spotify Free | No | Limited (Modo solo de rifa) | Hasta 160 kbit/s Vorbis o 128 kbit/s Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) para el reproductor web | No | Limited (Spotify Connect device using the new SDK) |
Spotify Premium | Sí* | Sí. | Hasta 320 kbit/s Vorbis o 256 kbit/s AAC para el reproductor web | Sí. | Sí. |
Plan | Precio |
---|---|
Estudiante | $5.99 |
Individual | $11.99 |
Duo | 16,99 dólares |
Familia | 19,99 dólares |
Monetización
Financiación
Descargas
Spotify for Artists
Iniciativas industriales
Stations by Spotify
Plataformas
Características

Lista y descubrimiento
Limitaciones de escucha
Información técnica
Escritorio, móvil y tableta | Reproductor web |
---|---|
Música | |
Opciones de calidad estándar | |
HE-AAC v2 24 kbit/s | AAC 128 kbit/s |
Vorbis 96 kbit/s | |
Vorbis 160 kbit/s | |
Opciones de calidad Premium | |
Vorbis 320 kbit/s | AAC 256 kbit/s |
Podcasts | |
HE-AAC v2 24 kbit/s | AAC 128 kbit/s |
Vorbis 96 kbit/s |
Car Thing
Seguridad
Antes de Spotify Wrapped 2024, Spotify cambió su API para que las versiones modificadas del cliente no funcionen.
Disponibilidad geográfica

Historia de la expansión | ||
---|---|---|
Fecha | Países y regiones | Referencias |
7 de octubre de 2008 |
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10 de febrero de 2009 |
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18 de mayo de 2010 |
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14 de julio de 2011 |
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12 de octubre de 2011 |
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15 de noviembre de 2011 |
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16 de noviembre de 2011 |
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13 de marzo de 2012 |
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22 de mayo de 2012 |
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13 de noviembre de 2012 |
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12 de febrero de 2013 |
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16 de abril de 2013 |
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24 de septiembre de 2013 |
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12 de diciembre de 2013 |
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8 de abril de 2014 |
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28 de mayo de 2014 |
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30 de septiembre de 2014 |
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30 de marzo de 2016 |
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29 septiembre 2016 |
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22 de agosto de 2017 |
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13 marzo 2018 |
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13 noviembre 2018 |
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26 de febrero de 2019 |
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14 de julio de 2020 |
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1o de febrero de 2021 |
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23 de febrero 2021 |
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24 febrero 2021 |
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25 de febrero 2021 |
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16 marzo 2021 |
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29 de septiembre de 2021 |
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16 de noviembre 2021 |
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22 de diciembre de 2022 |
|
Accolades
Crítica
Artistas falsos
Cuestiones de privacidad
Véase también
- Comparación de servicios de streaming de música
- List of most-streamed artists on Spotify
- Lista de clientes podcast
- List of Spotify streaming records
- Lista de empresas tecnológicas en el área metropolitana de Nueva York
Notas
- ^ EBITDA
Referencias
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Más lectura
- Eriksson, Maria et al. (2019). Spotify Teardown: Dentro del Black Box of Streaming Music. El MIT Press. ISBN 978-0262038904.
- Pelly, Liz (2025). Mood Machine: The Rise of Spotify and the Costs of the Perfect Playlist. Nueva York: Atria/One Signal Publishers. ISBN 9781668083505. OCLC 1438666130.
- Šmite, Darja; Moe, Nils Brede; Floryan, Marcin; Gonzalez-Huerta, Javier; Dorner, Michael; Sablis, Aivars (junio 2023). "Decentralized Decision-making and Scaled Autonomy at Spotify". Journal of Systems and Software. 200. doi:10.1016/j.jss.2023.111649. hdl:11250/3131849. ISSN 0164-1212. S2CID 256931802.
Enlaces externos
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