Legal Status of Citizen in Roman Law

Por: Anavitarte, E. J.*

The legal status of citizens (lat. Status Civitatis) is the legal bond of a person with Roman civil society. This constituted a source of rights and obligations for the citizen, such as the provision of military service in the Roman army (Justinian). In other words, the citizenship status differentiates people who have a legal link with the city from those who do not.

Roman law in principle does not have a territorial but personal character, it applies only to Roman citizens and only to them belong the fullness of rights in both the public and private spheres, the ius civilis is reserved for Roman citizens.

A distinction is made between Roman citizens and non-citizens, at the same time, non-citizens were divided into pilgrims or foreigners and Latinos; although federated ones also existed.

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